Concerns Indian incursions as recounted by 'comandante de milicias' and 'justicia,' who detail attacks and killings, many of which involved 'pastores' and their cattle, also recount taking of captives and theft of animals; officials and virrey discuss military actions to avenge depredations and defend troops, citizens against further violence; 3 'companias volantes' assigned to defense of 'frontera'; in several attacks, Indians killed and burned all inhabitants of area, slaughtered all animals; 4 year drought not helping situation. (L. Kerr, March 1989)

(See sequence 6 for introduction to issue.) Emparan informs virrey of poor relation with Indians in region, military actions taken to avenge and pacify; Emparan submits 'diario de novedades' to virrey detailing locations of Indian incursions in Saltillo, numbers of individuals killed or taken hostage, numbers of horses, mules, sheep, Yeguas killed or stolen (folio 215); virrey responds that military forced to punish Indians as long as they continue to 'causar Danos'; Indians continue to steal animals listed above in large numbers from ranches, presidios, haciendas; fearful rural residents move to Urban area after hearing that Ugalde's company suffered repeated defeats, intrigue created when soldier reporting this accused of desertion (details unclear); Emparan informs virrey of various problems faced by military troops, such as lack of access to water supply, economic hardships; letter from Ugalde dated 1787 attests to loyalty of Indian leaders with whom now at war; several days of direct military conflict (folios 236-237) detailed in letter from officer to governor; gifts presented to 'indios del Norte' (Texas) in effort to secure peaceful relations. (L. Kerr, March 1989)

Correspondence in which Emparan informs virrey of poor relations with Indians of province, deteriorating further due to drought and famine in region; Indians stealing, killing horses, cattle, sheep from Ranchos, haciendas and presidios, also killing, taking hostage civilians and military personnel; 2 'estados' listing occurrences of Indian attacks, numbers of men, women, children, domestic animals killed or taken (folios 192, 209-211); in discussing dilemmas, Emparan tells virrey 'mi Pluma Es mui devil para pintar lo que padese Mi Espiritu,' drought so severe that often residents have only Mescal to consume, that Indian incursions endanger farmers proceeding with cultivation of corn, other crops, additionally burdening area's food supply; Emparan assembles troop to search out, kill Indians responsible, appoints interim governor; limited success, incursions continue, Young Boy escapes from Indians, identifies leaders for Emparan (continued in following folios). (L. Kerr, February 1989)

Concerns Indians moving to Nuevo Leon after terrorizing Laredo and Rio Salado. Indians arrive well-equipped with guns, spears and arrows on foot and horseback. says Indians take captives and murder innocents after destroying ranches. Mentions cruel treatment of victims before mass murders begin. Indians steal horses, mules and all personal property from ranches. When ranches later deserted, diminished labor forces mines out of operation. Vaamonde has given permission for civilians to defend themselves, but these troops have no horses, arms or munitions. Also, while these family men are on patrol they can't support their families. says 100 murders in area. Vaamonde sends arrows collected from dead as proof for virrey. Also, sends set of documents and comprobantes from area residents. Letters relate incidents and describe raids in detail. Letters request military assistance. Vaamonde says these incidents are proof that Ugalde must return two troops taken earlier to another province. To ensure proper punishment of these Indians, cooperation with troops in Nuevo Santander and Coahuila is also needed. Virrey, having received comprobantes orders troops back to Leon. Advises Vaamonde to meet with troops in Lampazos to review and ensure they are properly equipped. Orders Vaamonde to provide reports on conditions and operations. Vaamonde mentions with letters from Baez that troops still insufficient and Indians in area have doubled. Virrey says he must work with companies from other areas. (M. Dannemiller, November 1988)

Documents concern the death of the conde de Sierra Gorda. Gives lengthy biography of his services to the crown, of his settling and establishing of villages and repelling Indians attacks. A detailed account of his early military career in Querataro is given. His various promotions and especially of his successful campaigns against the Indians. A good account is given of his establishing of numerous towns and missions and of his pacification of the Indians and of their conversion to catholicism. Conde de Sierra Gorde decorated with the titulo de Castillo, thus freeing him of payment of Media Annata. Account of 1742 battle with English nation and of their attack on Veracruz. Later documents concern charges brought against him by citizens of his province for his over-aggressive style. royal commission sent to investigate. Conde de Sierra Dies before case completed. His son's role in defending his deceased Father against the charges. Commission's finding of no substance to charges. Additional letters concern the request that the governorship become a hereditary post and that the deceased's son, Manuel, shall be named as governor. His son's biography is extensively listed-military campaigns, settlement of towns, and pacification of Indians. A further request is made that assistance be given to the entire family. Names of family members given and their newly-granted offices and titles listed. Governorship granted to Manuel. Throughout the volume are good descriptions of founding of towns and resulting battle with the Indians. Folios 145-149 are especially strong in describing la Campana en Tamaulipas, including number of deaths, injured and prisoners taken. Also detailed are Indian banditry and the attempt to convert them through education and the missions. (P. Lenz, September 1989)

Possible Apache Indians steal horses and kill men in Parral. Apaches steal cattle and kill people in Cienega; soldiers and Indian auxiliaries unable to catch them. Indians kill men and steal horses in oro; civilians and Yaquis and Taraumares auxiliaries are armed to defend themselves and property. Apaches steal horses and cattle in Santa Barbara; they also kidnap Boy. (J. Tapia, October, 1987)

Series of documents dealing with numerous Indian raids in Santa Barbara and Santiago Papasquiano. Apaches steal horses and cattle, and kidnap Boy in Santa Barbara. Indians also steal cattle and horses in Conchos, and Alamillo. (J. Tapia, October 1987)

Series of documents concerning Apache raids in Julimes, Guadalupe, Guanacevi, Conchos, Huejuquilla, and San Luis. Diaz includes informes of these attacks sent to him by various justicia mayores. horses and cattle were stolen during raids, and several civilians as well as some Tarahumaras were killed and taken captives by Apaches. (J. Tapia, October, 1987)