Beginning about the time of Santaren martyroom in the Sierra de Topia padre Ximenez has written a detailed history of military and missionary efforts to pacify and indoctrinate the Tepehuan, acaxee, xixime and hina people from about 1600-1634. A section on Acaxees describes their marriages, burials, superstitions, agriculture, hunting, fishing, dancing, medicines, dress, musical instruments, vices, eating, cannibalism war customs, etc. Father Ximenex researched the earlier period and was a participant observer in the latter (1620's early 30'). (D. Deeds) (1977)

Section missiones de San Ignacio en Mayo; Yaqui; Nevomes, Chinipas, y Cicibotaris (pp. 815-23). States most Indian nations experienced good harvests, health, allowing missionaries to extend conversions. Notes rapid adoption rosary, holy week ceremonies among Mayos, Yaquis. Recounts certain miraculous cures. States rebellious Nebomes now almost all reduced and at peace. When Spanish military force entered Nebome territory, surrounding Indian groups made peace as well. Notes successful conversion Chinipas, Sisibotaris (named after great chief who came to San Felipe de Sinaloa to seek baptism, priests for people). Fr. Mendez, converter of Nios, Ocoronis, Jeuecos, Mayos, Yaquis, sent to Sisibotaris, welcomed with ceromonies, etc. Very few hechiceros, no lewd night dances among Sisibotaris. Fertile fields of maiz, other vegetables irrigated from River with notable workmanship. Describes clothing men, women (cotton, deerskin, pita), virtue/modesty ladies, house styles/material. Paean to Sisibotari industry, modesty, lack of superstition. Sisibotari range given as 3 pueblos, 2 valleys. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

12 priests misiones de San Ignacio. Discusses reduction Nebomes-their previous hostility, difficulty conquering them in mountain strongholds; execution, exile rebellious leaders. Notes presence Nebome village outside Villa de Sinaloa, similarity language to Tepehuan. Mentions Llayemas (Guaymas?), people of ocean, islands with difficult language, some of whom given town, land along Rio Yaqui, ministered to by fr. Mendez (probably Seris). Notes desire Aibinos, Matapas, Toapas, Batucas, Sisivotaris for missionaries, help given to Spaniards during Nebome disturbances. Notes conversion, peaceful existence Chinipas. Describes festival holy Sacrament held along Rio Mayo, attended by Spaniards, many Indians from all the rivers. Notes Indians observance holy week. Describes mass held on beach for 400 Indian fishermen, reasons why large number other Indians were not allowed to fish-some were gravediggers; others' wives had died; others' wives were menstruating. Indians stated that if those prohibited to fish entered Canals, traps (Carrizos), no fish would be caught. Priest denounced prohibitions as devilish, all joined, fishing great success. Fishing techniques included Canals, Carrizo traps, arrows, lances. Fish salted. States province has enjoyed years of prosperity, plenty of food, that people learning to plant wheat, don't have to forage in mountains anymore. Notes number baptisms, marriages. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

Account various Cases witchcraft, including one where devil appeared to Indian cowboy as Mulatto. Mentions Hurdaide's successful efforts to reduce Indians in mountains, including some Chinipas, Guacapares, Taraumaros (Tarahumaras), who are now friends of Spaniards after Hurdaide foiled attempt by some Coes to enlist mountain Indians (Cimarrones) in attempt to murder frs. Castini and Pasqual. Also notes great hunger in province, abandonment entire towns because Indians left to forage for wild foods. Chinipas, Guacapares probably warihio groups. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

Mentions triumphant visit to Yaqui, Nebome pueblos. Describes Nebomes as most docile nation province. Mentions visit Opata chief Sisibotari, who pledged obedience, requested baptism for himself, his people, described as very docile. Notes presence Aiguines (Aibinos) 4-5 leagues from Sisibotari pueblos who also request conversion, are enemies Nebomes. States Nures, well disposed to christianity, and to Hurdaide in past, should be reduced as well. Describes Nure aid war materials, livestock, clothing to rebellious Tepehuanes, unrest caused by perverse tlatoles among Nures, also Yaquis, Mayos, by Cacique Coyovera. Describes expedition to Tepahues, numbering 1300, to seize Outlaw Tehuecos hiding there. Reduced Tepahues from mountain fortresses to Rio Mayo settlements, but states 2 priests can't minister to all 17,040 people there and need help (evidently C. 15,740 Mayos). Also reducing Conicaris, other cahita mountain tribe, but not enough land along Rio Mayo all 1,000 members. Requests more missionaries. Notes news alliance between Tepehuanes, Guazapares (warihio group). States 3 guazapare chiefs came to him, giving him mare (yegua), symbol of alliance, saying they could not come earlier because of war with Chinipas. Notes rumors Mineral wealth guazapare range. Preparing expedition Montesclaros against 300 rebel Yoes (Zoes) who refuse to accept pardon, causing trouble neborm-Nure area. Notes trouble (4th Yaqui pueblo caused by tlatole Yeyequi, advocating same principles as Tepehuanes (referring to 1616 Tepehuan revolt). Discusses necessity constructing casas fuertes (strongholds) Rio Mayo, Yaqui, Aybino. Nebome area before rains fall. Describes own dire personal poverty. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

States province at peace. Describes conquest Aibinos (Opata group), enemies Nebomes, who were threatening Nebome missionizations. Mentions Yaqui treachery involving 8000 archers. Just finished reduction 11 new nations, suppression potential Yaqui revolt with only 20 soldiers, 72 Amigos (Indian allies). Describes his years faithful service, his own poverty, asks viceroy for help. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

Reduced 100 more neighboring Indians to Nures Pueblo. Dispatched messengers to Tarahumaras to ascertain distance between Sonora, Santa Barbara Valley (Chihuahua). Describes campaign against Aibinos (Opata group) threatening Nebome missions, including army 25 soldiers, 1200 Indian allies-after Hurdaide burned stronghold, killed 11, Aibinos asked for priests, peace. Describes land as good, notes presence flowing water, good locations for estancias, base for further conquest. While traveling along Rio Yaqui, foils plan 8000 archers to ambush his small force 20 soldiers, 72 Indian allies. Mentions both Conicaris (cahita mountain tribe), describes ample Opata clothing. States he's pardoning Yaqui chiefs who planned ambush. Asks viceroy to pay Indian allies for military service. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

Detailed report on the establishment of the missions of Santa Ana and San Francisco Xavier in the Conchos and Chinarras territory. Antonio Arias, visits. Remarks on entradas, conversion efforts, present conditions including agriculture. Some Indian testimony. Other testimony confirms report. Includes inventory of crops. Remarks on relations between reduced and wild Indians. (J. Grusin) (1976)

Three letters by the above authors relating to the reduction of the natives of the new mission del Angel la Mas Septentrional de la peninsula by padre Wenceslao link. The description centers on a particular encounter between the Father and the Indians who wanted to embrace our holy catholic faith; and a fierce chief of the Bravos (Indians). The christians win a battle, the chief is imprisoned, accepts the faith; 1662 are baptized. (C. Briggs) (1975)

Labaquera's reports to king concerning- 1) military force of 40 necessary to protect miners, prevent fraud, reopen Pimeria Alta silver mines discovered 1738; 2) importance Cabo San Lucas to Manilla trade, threat English piracy; 3) exploration Rio Colorado by Kino, Sedelmayer, Consaq; importance further exploration because of possible French settlement/utilization Colorado, possible route to sea, renewed English interest northwest Passage, reduction/conversion indios barbaros; 4) Apaches range, raids, ineffectiveness Spanish cavalry against mountain people, need for force 200 mountaineers, description necessary weapons/tactics, plans for reduction Apaches, problems presidios, including predominance Inferior mulato soldiers, prevalence gambling, corruption captains, need for reforms in wage payment, advocates land grants to presidial soldiers. (T. Sheridan) (1976)