Signed. Concerns defense of Escandon; begins with minimization of charges and a briefly history of Escandons' ascendant career, merits from king; Escandon was in arms and participating in the ejection of British in Laguna in 1720; 1728, was named by virrey as sargento mayor later virrey gave him the title of Coronel; November 15, 1741, Escandon was named as teniente general de la Sierra gorda he gave missions to Franciscanos religious from San Diego de pachuca and San Fernando; he founded and establish four villages with no cost to the royal hacienda; September 3, 1746 in a royal decree full of eulogys virrey gives to Escandon all responsibilities in the mission of pacification de los barbaros de la Sierra gorda and he is named lugar teniente de la Costa del Seno Mexicano; December 1748, founded the first village in area which by 1759 had 20 villages; on folio 182 details of population; in 1757 virrey sent comission to investigate colony; in 1765 virrey orders Escandon to found five new villages in strategic places to stop the continual Indians attacks; strongest defense allegation is envy of Resendi family against Escandon and their plan to get him out of the colony and appeal to the virrey for the titles for their family; in folio 229 is a Spaniards description of Indians; defense by Escandon who defends himself charge by charge; since Escandon was commissioned by the virrey y la junta real de hacienda, they knew that it was a project that was subject to failure, in other words he was not obligated to succeed in his attempt; in selecting captains Escandon never chose the most specialized but selected the ones that were dedicated to the well being of the village; all that the fiscal imputed to Escandon was never supported with real evidence only anonimous statements from someone who heard rumors but had no hard evidence; not even fray Garcia was found in his mission to testify against Escandon to the auditors Osorio and Palacio; in regard to the murder of Indians by Escandon's captains, the fiscal never found witnesses; some of the crimes were investigated by Escandon and he found that the actions benefited the pacification and well being of the village. Escandon repremanded the captain and notified the capitania general. The women and children were placed in missions when the men were murdered or sent to a presidio but never were they sold and sent to Querataro in a collera as the accusations assert; in treatment of criminals, Escandon always followed the royal laws which permitted pardons of criminals if they serve the king. These people were serving the king by risking their lifes in the establishment of the colony; in regard to his rejection of Apaches, he argues it is well known that Apaches don't want anything except trading, and that Spain suffers terribles consequences when it assumes Apaches will remain peaceful in missions. He argued that too often they will suddenly murder, rape and destroy a village. For this reason Escandon avoided Apaches. On March 29, 1763, the royal cedula expired which authorized captain trenda y el ingeniero de la Camara alta to make the first audit of Escandon and nothing wrong was found except for the plot of the Resendi family, 17800 question the official informe by saying that it was corrupted by la voz de oro y Plata de Escandon pudo mas; but in the second audit nobody knew about it, not even the fiscal o el auditor and the results were no different. Escandon is exonerated from all charges. Descendants of Escandon have the right to claim what Escandon left them. (D. Bautista, November 1989)

Series of charges against Escandon. First charge, folio 10, that Escandon did not reduce Indians peacefully and failed to populate the colony; second charge folio 60 that Escandon did not distribute the land between people, soldiers and Indians during twenty years; third charge, folio 77, that he did not take in to account the meeting of 1748 on election of captains and treatment of Indians; fourth charge, folio 88, failure to investigate the murder of several Indians; fifth charge, folio 90, failure of Escandon to investigate and punish captain Guevara's murder of a group of Indians; sixth charge, folio 90, no investigation of other murders by Unsaga; seventh charge, folio 91, Escandon orders killing of three Indians, one a minor; eighth charge, folio 93, a citizen of Aguayo complains to to Escandon about the behaviour of a captain, Escandon punishes the complainer and when the wife of the complainer goes to look for him and she was murdered by the Indians; ninth charge, folio 95, Escandon separates Indian men from their wifes and children, and sells Indians to other cities resulting in Indian retaliation and thus starting wars with Xanambres and Apostatas. He is accused of twenty years of fraud, despotism, trials without authority, misappropriation of land; 10 charge folio 98, Escandon sends 173 Indians to Querataro; eleventh charge, folio 100, Escandon kept three Indians working for him for fifteen years; twelfth charge, folio 103, Escandon abused his power to use the death penalty and forced labor in the presidio; thirteenth charge, folio 103, he used comissions to get Indians for his own service; fourteenth charge, folio 106, he failed to protect Indian health; fifteenth charge, folio 107, he used Indians to build his house and maintain his lands; sixteenth charge, folio 108, he failed to investigate or punish two sheperds who murdered an Indian; seventeenth charge, folio 110, Escandon populated colony with dangerous criminals getting the nickname of colonia Portugal de Nueva Espana; eighteenth charge, folio 114, Escandon forgives Indians that confess crimes and puts them in esquadras militares; nineteenth charge, folio 115, Escandon intimidated new settlers he did not like and gave instructions not to accept them; twentieth charge, folio 117, he appointed a murderer from Reinosa as captain; twenty first charge, folio 119, Escandon admitted a delinquent from Coahuila; twenty second charge, folio 121, twice Escandon destroyed the church of the Pisones Indians; twenty third charge, folio 123, has taken land from Indians of Santa Rosa; twenty fourth charge, folio 125, Escandon did not build a church in Laredo for the spiritual benefit of the Spaniards and Indians; twenty fifth charge, folio 128, for a period of 14 years Escandon remained minister of Santillana village; twenty sixth charge, folio 129, Escandon did not permit the redistribution of Diezmos from labranzas y crianzas in the colony for 20 years; twenty seventh charge, folio 131, Escandon renamed places; twenty eighth charge, folio 135, Escandon became rich and did not pay diezmos; twenty ninth charge, folio 138, Escandon gave a captain more than five Leguas at border of Rio Grande, other land and did not pay any diezmo to church of Guadalaxara; thirtieth charge, folio 141, Escandon was paying salaries to ministers in places that had no ministers; thirty first charge, folio 141, Escandon did not accept Indians in his village because he did not want to give them protection; thirty second charge, folio 144, he gave instructions to captain of Laredo not to admit Apaches; thirty third charge, folio 147, Escandon did not give 100 pesos to the colonists of San Carlos; thirty fourth charge, folio 148, Escandon refused to receive the bishop from Guadalaxara; thirty fifth charge, folio 151, he became a trader, knowing gobernadores were prohibited from trade; thirty sixth, charge, folio 158, Escandon permit exploitation of mines and use of silver without paying tax; thirty seventh charge, folio 160, since the year 1746 he had not reduced or pacified any Indians; last charge folio 162, complaints from capitania general related to Escandon's procedures. The next group of folios (166-319) are the defense of Escandon. (D. Bautista, nov, 1989)

Documents concerning Tarahumaran conspiracy to revolt and subsequent investigation carried out by Gutierrez. Many autos of fairly redundant testimony given by Indians, non-Indians regarding events leading up to apprehension of conspirators; also, yllin's petition to viceroy requesting greater military assistance to Jesuit missionaries in Sierra. Concluding documents concern fiscal's suggestions, viceroy's decision regarding issue.

Diego Oroz named capitan of regimento de dragones destined for Durango; Oroz sent to Durango to arrange housing and supplies for regiment; Velazquez gives detailed route regiment will follow to Durango so locals will not be bothered for supplies; detailed list of men comprising regiment; list of prisoners, including their crimes, who might fill vacancies in regiment; 2 prisoners substituted for those earlier proposed; 2nd, 3rd and 4th division of dragones enter Durango around the 18th of November, 1788; request for furniture for soldiers; 1st division of dragones enters Durango December 1, 1788; concern that expenses be limited in establishing dragones; grouping includes volume index nos. 7-9. (p. Coyle November 1989)

Third notebook of charges and ect. Concerning Josef Carlos Rubalcaba who intended to name himself king of Nueva Vizcaya; correspondence concerning transfer of prisoners from San Sebastian through Guadalajara to Mexico; lawyer for defense of criminals named; validity of prior confessions questioned;decision to put all of the criminals on trial together; guardian of criminals named; call for new confessions; new confession of Rubalcaba obtained, similar to second confession in grouping above, I.e. that he got the idea while listening to passengers on Rio Santiago ferry tell of tlaxcaltecan who had become king of mountain towns; Rubalcaba Ladino, not tlaxcaltecan; Francisco Xavier, Indian accompice of Rubalcaba, falls ill, second confession expedited; Lucas Martinez, second Indian accompice of Rubalcaba, falls ill in jail and Dies before sentencing; Bernarda Arenas, wife of Juan Francisco Garcia, Spanish accomplice of Rubalcaba, is set free; defense argues prisoners only tried to trick villagers, not make Rubalcaba king; Rubalcaba sentenced to Ten years in prison at Veracruz; Garcia sentenced to Ten years in prison in Havana; Francisco died before sentencing; Lucas receives one year in prison in addition to time served, but died before serving time. (p. Coyle, September 1989)

Concerns efforts to locate 3 'reos' brought to 'real carcel de acordado' in Mexico City year earlier; were escorted along with 14 Indians 'de Collera' and 2 desertors, from Nuevo Santander to Mexico; contains several autos in which witnesses testify that 'collera' arrived in San Luis Potosi, proceeded to Mexico, that all members and military escorts accounted for; finally discovered that 6 of the Indians died, the rest, including 'reos,' handed over to 'teniente' of dragones de Mexico. (L. Kerr, June 1989)

Includes expedientes 2,3 and 4, 'consultas' of gobernador of Nuevo Santander regarding various issues. Numero 2 concerns request by gobernador for assistance in moving group of prisoners to Mexico City. In 3 individuals who received land through 'repartimiento' have sold it to others, and failed to inform government of change in ownership, causing confusion. In 3, several members of company which has seen constant battle request retirement with 'sueldo de invalido,' request denied. (L. Kerr, June 1989)

Documents concern murder of Casimiro de Ibarra by his Brother Juan. Both had been drinking pulque and a fight ensued. And Casimiro is killed by his Brother. Rest of documents interview witnesses about what happened. Casimiro's widow and Father are interviewed and Owner of shack where they had been eating tamales and drinking pulque. Father's biography given. His military record and his long service in pacification of the new colony. Other witnesses are friends of the Ibarra family who also tell of the family background. Defendant's confession is taken. His goods confiscated. Many documents dont concern the case , but rather slow process of the proceedings. Witnesses are found after too long a period of time. They are questioned improperly and procedure is said to have been ignored in the judicial process of this murder case. After these documents, case is resumed and Juan de Ibarra is finally sentenced to eight years in the fronteirs of Veracruz. Virrey changes sentence due to defendant's long detainment due to the slowness of trial. Sentence is four years of presidio in work of fortifying the Plaza of la Habana. Transfer of prisoner is described. He is deemed exiled from Palmillas and all territory of the colony for life. (P. Lenz, September 1989)

Documents concern the transporting of the prisoners Perales and Gonzalez Silvestre. Lopez Portillo pays cost of transportation. Other document suspends Lopez Portillo because of his over-zealousness in condemning the prisoners to death. Lopez Portillo defends his actions as necessary to deter further crimes. Asesor general cannot help his case but sends it to Mexico. In no document is the nature of the crimes of the prisoners given. (P. Lenz, September 1989)