Documents contain information resulting in formal establishment of Horcasitas. Reports on conditions of people, mission, Indians. Ciprian says Indians should be moved to Tamaulipa and provided with clothes, tobacco and machetes so can open road to Sotolamarina. Reports on present advantages, Fabricas and crops. Considering new location for mission. Escandon goes on expedition with soldiers and friendly Indians to explore area. Indians gave warm welcome. Description of Indians. Feast of beans, squash, yams, corn, platano. Abundant minerals. Good land and water. Contains list of families and Escuadra and property. Discusses conditions and obligations of residency. Abundant saltpetre adn good pastures. Campaigns against Tanambres. Description of homes and town. Distances from other Villas. Escandon gives instructions to increase residents. Includes city plan. (M. Dannemiller, April 1989)

Documents contain information resulting in formal establishment of Guemes. Describes well drilling and associated difficulties at various levels. Escandon and others conduct review of people, land, Indians, crops, rivers, timber. Contains complete lists of families and Escuadra including names, ages and property owned. Describes planting of crops. Abundant Mesquite and Nogales. Reports from others telling Escandon that more people coming to Guemes. He must allocate more corn and tools. Escandon says must plant wetter lands in sta. Anna because of difficulties in well construction. Also says have taken so much Cascara of Sabinos that have left them dry and dying. Practice will punished, must use palms for roofs. Instructions for Ciprian to direct residents and congregate residents. Escandon names location for mission. Includes city plan. (M. Dannemiller, April 1989)

Documents contain information resulting in formal establishment of Padilla. Escandon and others conduct review of area. Description of well-drilling and associated difficulties. experiencing severe lack of rain. Discusses also land, climate, other advantages, need for mission, and distances to other Villas. Contains complete list of families and members of Escuadra including names, ages and property owned. Discusses conditions and obligations of residency. In general has sufficient water, good land, abundant timber and fish. Ciprian says need to give Indians corn, clothes, and tools to keep pacified because generally untrustworthy. says good idea to build separate mission where water plentiful. Reports by others contain similar information. Escandon gives instructions for upcoming year concerning Villa, Indians, cattle and property. Includes city plan with surrounding rivers. (M. Dannemiller, April 1989)

Documents contain information resulting formal establishment of Santa Maria. Provides good geographical description of area and distances to other Villas. Escandon went to recognize families joined by olarazan. Escandon and others conduct review of well and other conditions. Contains complete list of families and members of Escuadra including names, ages and property owned. Description of relations with Indians. says San Marcos has most abundant water. Contains description of possible drilling depths and composition of each level. Review of timber, minerals and land says all plentiful. Cold climate. Commerce with Llera possible for supplies and minerals. Need mission for Indians congregated in area. Escandon officially establishes sta. Maria close to San Marcos. Provides instructions for construction of homes, provision of more cattle and seed, and for administration of property and mines. Contains city plan. Last document contains list of Villas established in Nuevo Santander including captains, missions, Indians, families, soldiers and Patron saints. (M. Dannemiller, April 1989)

Documents concern information resulting in formal establishment of Santa Barbara. Escandon and others conduct review of residents, Indians, mission, climate, crops and general advantages of area. Includes complete list of all residents and members of Escuadra including names, ages, marital status and property owned. Also, 10 families live around mission with same privileges as those in Villa. Mentions Indian groups in area. Reviewers say Santa Barbara one of most important establishments in Colonia as stop-over place and has most fertile lands and most abundant timber. Provides distances to other Villas. Discussion of moving mission to Alberca which Escandon later approves. Escandon gives instructions for construction of homes and a road to Llera. says gambling and liquor to be outlawed. Contains record of admission of one family to Villa. Provides instructions for administration of both Villa and mission. Contains map, city plan of town including surrounding rivers. (M. Dannemiller, April 1989)

Concerns ranches of San Isidrio. Albares says Paraje should be Villa under his command. Officials and spiritual leaders should be from same. Discusses use of water for crops and cattle. says Villa should be exempt from taxes and tithes for 10 years. Should be free to take fish and salt without limit. says will need military escort. Escandon agrees. States other conditions and approves establishment of Villa. Escandon includes letter from Albares placing Gregorio in command during his illness. Includes map of town. (M. Dannemiller, March 1989)

Concerns reports by Escandon and others concerning conditions in Altamira and feasibility of official establishment as Villa. Contains review of mission, Fabricas, Indians, land, climate and distances from Altamira to other Villas along frontera. Contains complete lists of families, Escuadra and all property. Mentions conditions established for residents and their obligation to stay in Altamira. Mentions financial support for Villa. says peaceful relations with Indians who receive corn rations from Altamira. Cyprian says location is perfect, good land, easy transportation on rivers, abundant fish and other reasons. Recommends uniting with Panuco and Tampico to secure the coast. says temperate with few Mosquitos. Also mentions cultivation of Calabazas. Instructions by Escandon for future activity such as building of homes, treatment of Indians and church construction. Contains city plan including rivers surrounding Villa. (M. Dannemiller, March 1989)

Concerns autos and information regarding the establishment of Santander. Discusses distances from Santander to many other towns in Vicinity. Description of Villa and surrounding lands. says need review to determine if population, Indian groups and maiz supplies are increasing or decreasing. Contains complete list of families, Escuadra and all property in town and explains residents' obligation to remain in Santander. List of provisions given to settlers, Indians and military. Santander has hope for large population. experiencing problem with Indian raids but area prospering and developing well. Contains map of town and plans for further construction. (M. Dannemiller, March 1989)

Contains autos and reports by Escandon and others discussing possible difficulties of establishing Sotolamarina. says original purpose was to establish new Paraje for growing population and to pacify Indians. Were given two Religiosos and 10,000 pesos but after one year in a location without having planted any crops, lack of food, water, cattle and horses has resulted in several deaths. Describes several reasons why they were unable to sustain themselves. Documents discuss whether they should continue to bedova or establish in closer location along River. Gives geographic location of several possible Villas along Nueces. Ciprian says they should avoid impending problems at Bedoya and locate elsewhere since difficulty and cost of north River unreasonable. Escandon stops group in Santander where they report conditions. Decided that 50 families and Escuadra will establish Sotolamarina. Description of area including climate, pastures, fertile lands and abundancy of salt and fish. Escandon allocates money for construction of homes and other town buildings and says will provide sufficient corn seed. Includes town plan, rivers in area and exact coordinates of Sotolamarina. (M. Dannemiller, March 1989)

Concerns autos, plan and conditions for establishment of Llera. Escandon, with assistance of others, conducts review of land, population, possibilities for agriculture, availability of water and pastures for cattle in order to determine if formal establishment appropriate. says very little corn in area, only nine fanegas for all. says lots of lime, sand and wood for construction. says land is fertile and climate is good. Abundant water for irrigation. Gives instructions for introducing Indians to ways of Spanish. Discusses their treatment and political relations. Also includes complete list of civil and military residents, names, ages and property. Gives instructions for formal establishment of town and includes city plan. Mention use of special paper for autos. (M. Dannemiller, March 1989)