Brief descriptions of soldiers punishments for Murdering peaceful Indian, and hardships in transporting prisoners to California. (J. Tapia, February, 1988)

Compa established at Janos with small troop of Chiricahuas. Yagonxli, natanfui, other Gilenos in reduccion at Ojos Colorados near Janos. Yagonxli sincerely wants peace, but begs release of his Brother Tagaguechie from chaingang in capital before he will make treaty. Ugarte y Loyola tries to arrange it. Yagonxli, his men on work detail at Janos. Rich exalting nature, death better than humiliation. Also warrior. Letter from Compa to his Father Ugarte y Loyola, part of another page blocking most of content. Draft of letter saying bad idea to make peace with Apaches, preferable to keep trust of Comanches, other tribes who hate Apaches. Suggests capturing all Apaches, shipping adults to Havana. (A. Dean, March 1989)

Letters describing Nuevo Santander -- tierra incognita full of rebels, Gentiles. Describes beginning of organization of troops, patrol areas, etc. F.307 mentions plan to place all Huastecos rebels on Tamatan Island. F.308 speaks of admiration for settlers managing to pacify frontier in short time despite lack of supplies, small pox epidemics. F.312 Torquemada distinguishes Indians into 3 classes, Chichimecas, Apostatas, Gentiles; converted Indians seem to be generally regarded as lowest caste of society, but above barbarians. (A. Dean, may 1990)

Various letters written to and from Salcede around 1804. Indian prisoners to Havana, detailed list of losses in San Juan Bautista de Horcasitas from flood. (J. Acheson, September 1988)

Documents concerning transportation of Apache prisoners (28 Gandules, 56 women) to the capital, escorted by Mateos and his men. Mateos requests reimbursement for having to pay for firewood and supplies while camped at Salamanca. During March, nine prisoners became gravely ill with plague and were hospitalized at Leon. One died; Mateos accompanied survivors to Hospital. (A. Dean, February 1989)

Summary of testimonies about Escandon's record in completing orders to pacify and reduce Indians and settle Nuevo Santander by officers and settlers and their charges against him. Funds spent, mistreatment of Indians, assassination of 5 capitans, use of Indians to work Escandon's land, build his Palace, and increase his wealth. Real cedula ordering pacification of Nuevo Santander delayed in its completion. Activities of Escandon include use of military funds, Indians reduction, founding of 14 settlements with population count of number and families and troops in each (f.8); plus 6 more settlements founded which were not in original budget of 115,000p. Complaint of not achieving increased agricultural production in spite of having fertile land, water; availability of minerals and salt. History of Escandon's earlier military record, reopening of missions. Problems resulting from drought. Espenses of military salaries and sinodos to missionaries. Annual costs in pacification process. Cost of settling 15 families from canary islands in Texas (ff.17). Organization of troops and distribution among settlements; distribution of lands. Difficulty of defending property under Indian hostilities. Complaint that Escandon's soldiers instead of gathering Indians together killed them inhumanely when they asked for peace. Murder by capitan trasieria and soldiers of slave and silversmith not punished or investigated by Escandon; Escandon named capitans and paid them salaries of 500p. (ff.33). Alvares' attempts at populating Rio Verde, movement of people, costs, problems with hostile Indians, mosquito plague (ff.56) order not to let Laredo capitan admit Apaches even though they offered peace (ff.57). Escandon prohibited commerce; payed soldiers in goods. Mining of silver without paying royal fifth (ff.63). Escandon has made few or no reducciones since 1746. List of 9 places on coast where Escandon says he has reduced total of 1,258 Indians and gives names of ethnic groups and number baptised in each location (ff.64). Service record of Escandon since he began service in Yucatan, distinguished service in Sierra Gorda as sargento mayor, teniente until 1746 (ff.68). Provides total inventory of livestock in 20 settlements. Movement of Escandon (Villa), Reynosa, and Burgos settlers to new Parajes (nuezes, Tetillas, Encinos). Molina reinstated as capitan; Barbara Resendi's complaints against Escandon (ff.83)(ff125). Charges against fray Garcia as being hipocrite receiving double salary (ff.91) description of reason for failure of mission for Cocos in San Saba due to murder of missionaries (ff.112). Apaches do not want to be reduced, only want peace and commerce with Spanish (ff.113). Even when they offer peace, Escandon gives them motives to be insolent. Murder at Rancheria of smallpox infected and other Indians by capitan went unpunished (ff.120). Massacre of Janambres on road to Horcasitas (ff 121). Paz not punished for murder of Indians (ff.122). Guevarra's murder of reduced Indians of mission of Santander unpunished. Cordova's mistreatment of Indians in Rio Frio (ff.124). Use of Indians Sihui, janambre as work force, Indian death due to hard labor (ff.125). Attempt to reduce Pames threatening to drive them to the coast. Indians paid 4p month plus rations for corn growing and also grew their own crops (ff.131). Escandon allowed people exemption from debts in order to populate settlements. Escandon's appointing as capitans convicted murder. Escandon refused to release Sanches Borriego who was involved in riot of Coahuila to Serma. Two destructions of Pizones' church in Santa Rossa and Taumave missions. Taking of Indian lands to give to Carmelita priests for 10 years. No payment of Diezmos for farmland; Diezmos payments of hollas, Mier, and Revilla. Escandon nor captain Vasques Borrego payed Diezmos for their large cattle haciendas. Gives cost of campaign against Indians of north and Apaches who attacked Taguacanas. Defense of Escandon's choice of capitans and families to populate settlement in that it is difficult to find cultivated people like those from the capital--they must come from the provinces. Description of Tanambre November 1754 destruction of mission Ruvoroso near Escandon; only 4 escaped including missionary. Complaint of Tanambres robbing, Murdering. Escandon captured tamambre rebles and sent them to Querataro prison. Tamambres and Tonases sent to Querataro as labors, servants and for convents. Marcos Molino's case in which he worked for Hidalgo for 15 years without payment. (ff.163) use of hard labor as punishment as well as death sentence. (L. L. Woodward, November 1988)

Series of documents dealing with judicial proceedings in criminal court (consejo de guerra) raised against military officials Puga and Murgier. Documents deal with readings of the causa against military officials, sentencing them, and votes to impose a severe punishment upon them, such as suspending them for one year or sending them to a jail in Africa or the Filipinas. Jurors Vote upon type of sentence the defendants should get. Citation of articles and military codes made. Accusations (in the Cases readings), that military officials acted contrary to military codes (M. Marroquin, March 1989)

Ugalde confers status of invalid on Torres and Cabazos. Ugalde's orders Echegaray to free de la Garza from prison. Other documents give expenditures for travel of Indians to Santa Rosa Valle. Concerns Echegaray's notification to Ugalde of remittance and reception of correspondence.

Travel of Espadas to Santa Rosa. Report of expenditures by las companias del Nuevo Reyno de Leon for 1786 and travel costs for Indian captives sent to Villa de San Fernando. Notices specifying the conditions and kinds of weapons to be used in escorting Indian captives. (R.Gomez, July 1989)

Discusses Sonora's Indian problems. Asks that second compania volante be provisioned to continue war against Apaches. Notes constant problem runaway Indians taking refuge in mountains to enjoy depraved and licentious customs. Mentions Indians' inconstancy, probability new uprising will include nearly all the Pimas Bajos, many of the (Pimas) Altos, and perhaps some from other nations. Describes ease Indians moved to rebel. States roots trouble still in mountains, including Seri chief Marcos, Suaqui Rancheria. Since Suaquis, Sebubapas, especially Seris, plant very little. Pessimistic about permanent reduction Indians, even with rations. Proposes to send all conquered males over twelve to Havana, women, children to California. Cerro Prieto mountains noted as stronghold. If such policy carried out, infantry could retire to Altar, presidio, first compania volante reform. (T. Sheridan, 1976)