Expediente, accompanied by several cover sheets, containing letters to and from Ugarte concerning funds for maintaining peace with Comanches, Yutas, and Navajos and for use in fighting various Apache groups. Mention of 6000 pesos reserved annually for use of governor of Nueva Mexico for these purposes. Other horses, mules, carbines, medals, ammunition, cloth, glass beads, steel knives, etc.; salaries of Indian leaders; arms to be given to Comanches; weapons obtained by Indians from Luisiana; orders from Ugarte to Beregana regarding remission of funds from Chihuahua to Anza; orders from Ugarte to Anza regarding receipt and use of funds; medals to be awarded to various Indian leaders includes Anza's response to Ugarte's orders and acknowledgement of receipt of annual funds for 1787. Additional responses from Anza's successor (Concha) concerning Anza's overspending and asking for an additional 2000 pesos to cover excess. Mention of campaigns against Apaches. Ff. 159v-162 is a detailed account of goods purchased for Indians in tabular form. Also includes order from Ugarte to Diaz de Hortega concerning Anza's overexpenditure and measures to correct this. Orders to Concha and Abilitado at Santa Fe regarding same situation. Response from Beregana to Ugarte acknowledging orders and reporting compliance. Also includes report from Ugarte to Florez of situation. Letter from marques de Sonora to the comandante-general informing him of king's approval of steps taken. Auto from Beregana relating activities of royal treasury at Chihuahua. Ff. 0173-0192 is and informe giving detailed account of uses of money and the situation in Nueva Mexico from Ugarte to Florez. (W. Copas, may 1988)

Letters, accompanied by a cover sheet, from Ugarte to Anza and the marques de Sonora concerning establishment of peace with Comanches and Yutas, Ugarte's support of Anza's actions, continuing negotiations between Spaniards and Comanches, orders from Ugarte to Anza regarding policy, value of Ecueracapa's services and his salary, arrangements for the placement of Spanish officials near rancherias, ongoing negotiations in Texas providing Indians with interpreters, continuing war between Spaniards and Apaches, treatment of captive children and adults, conversion of non-christian Indians, instruction of Indians in Spanish language and customs, acculturation of Indian children, commerce with Indians, warlike nature and customs of Comanches, efforts to convince Comanches to practice agriculture, supplies of money and livestock for Indians, and description of ornamentation and appearance of Comanche men and women meeting with Ugarte. (W. Copas, April 1988)

Expediente accompanied by cover sheet and index concerning establishment and maintenance of peace with Comanches and Yutas. Ff. 73-76 is an informe from Ugarte, accompanied by a cover sheet, reporting progress in these efforts to the king. Mention of ongoing problems with Navajos and Apaches, who are still enemies. Ff. 77-115 is a relacion giving a detailed account of efforts to establish peace from November 1785- June 1786.topics espionage between Spaniards and Indians, improving relations with yupas, relations between Pueblo groups and Comanches, terms of the peace, trade, joint expeditions against the Apaches, fairs held to celebrate peace, and similar efforts in Texas. Ff. 116-119 is an informe by Ortiz describing his role in these efforts. Mention of a minor raid by Comanches resulting in the loss of some horses and steps taken by Spaniards and Comanches to correct situation. Discussion of names of Yamparicas used by different Indian groups. Description of several rancherias visited by Ortiz, including housing and estimates of livestock. F. 120 is a table listing Indian capitanes presented at Pecos Pueblo and Santa Fe during 1786, along with the size of their rancherias. Spanish translations of their Indian names are included. F. 121 is another table of minor capitanes involved. Ff. 122-123 is a compilation of the terms of peace, including Ecueracapa's proposals, Anza's responses, and Ugarte's resolutions. Includes a list of Indians ratifying treaty. (W. Copas, April 1988)

Unnumbered expediente, accompanied by a cover sheet, concerning need for extra funds for the support for peaceful Indians. Mention of request to king from comandante-general for 6000 peso annually for this purpose. Letter from Spain to the viceroy approving request. Mention of need for money for Comanches, who are at peace with Spaniards. Mention of alliance against Spaniards between Navajos and Gilenos. Discussion of improving relations between Spaniards and Comanches. Mention of pacification of Utes. Mention of dissention between groups of Gilenos and Apaches. Mention of military campaigns against Apaches and Jicarilla Apaches. Mention of 400 horses given to friendly Indians. Mention of need for horses and mules for presidial troops from Santa Fe while in Chihuahua. (W. Copas, ap

Series of letters, accompanied by cover sheet, from Larrauri to Bucareli y Ursua concerning purchase of 1500 horses from Coahuila and la Colonia for troops and Indian auxiliaries in Nueva Mexico. Extensive discussion of arrangements for payment using funds from royal treasuries. Mention of campaign from San Juan Bautista in August 1776. Ff. 457-462 is a Series of documents submitted by governor of Coahuila concerning military situations. Mention of difficulty in distinguishing between enemy Indian groups. Descriptions of encounters between Indians and presidial troops in Coahuila. Extensive discussion of arrangements for transportation of horses from Coahuila to Nueva Mexico. Mention of problems in finding escorts for horses. Ff. 474-475 are letters from Oconor to the viceroy (out of chronological order) confirming orders from the viceroy to obtain horses. F. 475 is misdated to 1775, actually written 1776. Several letters concern measures for protection of horses and their arrival in Nueva Mexico. F. 487 is a draft of a letter from the viceroy(?) To Oconor asking for an accounting of all expenses incurred in purchasing and transporting horses. Correspondence regarding use of funds from tobacco taxes from Saltillo and Monclova to pay for horses. Ff. 489-494 is a Series of orders from Cavallero de Croix to Ugarte y Loyola regarding the transaction. F. 495 is a table of accounts from the purchase of the horses. (W. Copas, April 1988)

Same Series of letters as ff. 391-412. Descriptions of numerous raids by Comanches, Utes, Gilenos, and Navajos. Includes numbers killed, wounded, or captured, and losses of livestock (mostly horses). Raids occurred at Sandia, Pecos, Ysleta, Santa Fe (presidio), puertas(?), Laguna, Acoma, Zuni, Santa Ana, Tome, and Zia. Mention of military expedition against enemy Indians in November 1774. Description of tactics used by Indians beseiged on a Mesa. Mention of broken alliance between Spaniards and Utes and alliance between Utes and Comanches. Mention of attempts to establish peace. Mention of temporary truce between Spaniards and Apaches and Navajos with exchange of captives. Mention of hopes for permanent peace. F. 432 is a draft of a letter from the viceroy(?) To Fermin de Mendinueta in response to the news of the truce. (W. Copas, April 1988)

Letters between various officials discussing Indian depredations in Nueva Mexico. Letter from the Audiencia de Cuentas to the viceroy asking for more rapid and efficient payments for military expenses in Nueva Mexico, California, Sonora, California, and Nueva Vizcaya. Orders from viceroy in response to this request. Ff. 414-416 is a letter from real junta to king reporting problems in Nueva Mexico. Mention of frequent raids on pueblos with frequent loss of life and livestock. Permission requested to arm friendly Indians. Mention of potential income to royal treasuries from sales of arms. Letter from Galvez to viceroy relaying the king's concern and approving increased aid to Fermin de Mendinueta. Ff. 419-421, which is out of chronological order, is a reassuring letter from Mexico (unsigned) to Fermin de Mendinueta promising aid to stop depredations. (W. Copas, April 1988)

Letters about attempts by various military and civilian officers to bring Indian groups in Santander under peaceful settlement; attempts by others to reduce groups by attacking and exterminating them. Officers describe plans on how to attract Indian groups; various viceroys oppose and approve different plans making attempts at pacification very difficult to carry out. Includes bibliography of other lengthy documents. (A. Dell'acqua, April 1988)

Letters between Cavildo de Horcasitas, governor of Santander, and viceroy in reference to attacks suffered by region from different Indian groups killing many inhabitants, stealing agricultural products, horses, cattle and other goods including clothing. Plans by governor to attack groups; frustration due to impossibility to find culprits as many groups have requested and live under peace, but do damage under guise of peaceful coexistance. Viceroy orders formation of companias volantes and doubling personnel in established ones to defeat, reduce or exterminate Indian groups if conditions continue. (A. Dell'acqua, April 1988)

Documents between governor Lasaga and various viceroys detailing efforts to pacify Indian groups in Santander. Request for peace by groups during food shortages, then running away as soon as supplies are given; attacking villages, ranches; killing and stealing horses and cattle. Governor details unsuccessful campaigns against groups in Sierra Tamaulipas; Indians seem to use canoes to go to nearby islands to take refuge. Governor requests from viceroy that instead of giving food to groups when requested they should be taken prisoners and be sent in colleras to Havana, Veracruz and Castillo de Ulua, with assurances from governor of Veracruz that Indians do not escape and become more fierce in revenge for being incarcerated. (A. Dell'acqua, April 1988)