Review of colonization, missionization of Provincia de Texas from time of Alonso de Leon to 1716. Texas, Caodaches Indians described as mas politica in province, sowing many crops. Population of area estimated to be un million. Indian groups between Coahuila and the land of Texas Indians listed (See 201). Texas Indians belief in afterlife briefly described. Missionaries claimes that early soldiers set bad example for Texas Indians, mistreating them and stealing their women. Franciscan missionary efforts delineated. Texas disatisfaction with Spaniards, abandonment of missions in 1693 noted. French trade with Indians mentioned. Texas Indians had 11 pueblos, chocta (choctaw) Indians outside of Movila had 32, Nache Indians had 11. Flora, fauna, agriculture of eastern Texas described, where Indians caultibando la tierra con las quixadas de los benados. Indians live in wooden houses, sleep on raised beds and farm en Comun. Indian enemies of Texas- Apaches, Yojuanes, Cubipanes, Canas- noted. Absence of pulgue, otras bebidas, but presnece of Peyote among Texas Indians mentioned. Province continually described as very fertile. Indian use of wild fruits, walnuts, acorns noted. Lead mines near Texas Indians mentioned. Force of 60 soldiers needed for conquest, colonization of Texas, to be gathered from other presidios of Nueva Vizcaya. Apparently, fiscal doesn't think much of idea. Excellent summary of early Texas history, including Leon, Ramon entradas. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Franciscans discuss Texas Indian tribes they are attempting to missionize, including Texas Indians, who are described as ydolattras, tienen Casas de adoracion, y el Fuego Perpetuo en la Casa Principal del ydolo (pg. 189). Request detachment of 100 soldiers be stationed among them. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Notes good conduct of Frenchmen led by San Denis. States Texas Indians have many French goods, including arms (18-20 arcabuces). Ramon plans to explore area inhabited by Texas, Nachitoche Indians and recommends they be conquered, converted. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Documents concerning Ramon's entrada into Provincia de Texas to establish missions among Texas Indians. Included are both Ramon's diario and Franciscans' diario of expedition. Indians groups, agricultural products, geography, Flora, fauna of province noted. Numerous buffalo hunts mentioned. Ramon and Franciscans also both write informes to virrey concerning reasons for establishment of missions. Indian enemies as well as allies of Texas Indians mentioned. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Documents concerning proposed salary of 700 pesos for capitan Joseph Urrutia to visit Texas Indians. Virrey denies funding. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Brief account of Indians of provincia of Texas, of whom the Spanish have encountered 50 naciones, noting- their dress; receptiveness to Spanish language/religion; presence of valuable minerals among them; absence of ydolatria formal although hechiceros, curanderos present; hunting activities especially buffalo; production of tanned deer hides which they trade to Spaniards; absence of drunkenness among them, which Olivares notes may be due to fact that no hay Magueyes en abundancia, o porque ygnoran el modo de cultivarlos (pg.119); dances to celebrate ware victories, which often cause trouble among them; ceremonial use of Peyote que usan Por bebida del Peiotte y de otras yerbas que suelen causas turbacion en los sentidos de que procede el vervisiones, y fantasmas (pg. 119). (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Lists of supplies for 29 presidial soldiers transferred to Texas. Includes gifts for Indians, money for presidial salaries (450 pesos 1 yr.). Includes Miranda's letters on subject to virrey. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

From Julimes. (T. Sheridan) (1977) los Rios pueblos (8 within 6 leagues of each other), accompanied by escort of 30 soldiers, 20 Indian auxiliaries from Julimes. See also DRSW 3026, 3027, 3028. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Gobernador marques de Aguayo (1/12/1715) recommends that Joseph Urrutia who lived with Texas Indians for 7 years, led them in war and still retains their confidence after 20 years among Spaniards, be commissioned to explor Gran Quivira for 3-4 months in preparation for later conquest, colonization. Fiscal Espinosa (5/24/1715) advises virrey to deny request for exploration of Gran Quivira. Junta de guerra in Mexico City (7/3/1715) order Aguayo and Urrutia to supply more information about proposed expedition (typical bureaucrats). Aguayo (11/9/1719) replies that according to Indian from interior Urrutia interrogated, Gran Quivira about 1 months journey from Texas Indians, very rich, possessing big lake and populated by Tecla, padoca Indians. If Gran Quivira is to be conquered, Aguayo believes 40,000- 50,000 Texas Indians and confederates would assist Spaniards. Offers to send 10-12 armed men along with Urrutia. Fiscal Espinosa (1/11/1716) asks for informe from Urrutia concerning proposed expedition. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

San Denis authorized by French authorities in Louisiana to travel to Texas to buy livestock (9/12/1713). He and 24 French canadians go from Louisiana to presidio del Norte. Capitan Ramon sends Frenchmen to Mexico City. Spaniards take San Denis' declaracion of his journey, noting his encounters with various Indian groups, especially Texas Indians (6/6/1715). Fiscal (8/15/1715) informs virrey of situation, implying that San Denis is French Spy. Junta de guerra (8/22/1715) discusses French threat and recommends reestablishment of missions among Texas Indians. (T. Sheridan) (1977)