A full scale book about the life and career of Jesuit Father Hernando de Santaren early pioneer of the Sinaloa and Sierra de Topia missionary efforts. Covers many, many topics of interest and relevance to this period (circa 1610-1640)- a partial list includes Indian customs, relations and difficulties with Spaniards clergy/Spanish relations, missionary philosophy, obedience, Cuarto Voto, difficulties and obstacles facing missionaries, etc. Book possibly written to support canonization effort on behalf of Santaren. (D. Deeds) (1977)

Beginning about the time of Santaren martyroom in the Sierra de Topia padre Ximenez has written a detailed history of military and missionary efforts to pacify and indoctrinate the Tepehuan, acaxee, xixime and hina people from about 1600-1634. A section on Acaxees describes their marriages, burials, superstitions, agriculture, hunting, fishing, dancing, medicines, dress, musical instruments, vices, eating, cannibalism war customs, etc. Father Ximenex researched the earlier period and was a participant observer in the latter (1620's early 30'). (D. Deeds) (1977)

Description travails establishing mission Batuca Valley, including Indians' reluctance to accept christianity, refusal to provide priests with food, presence apostates, arrival hostile Indians from other areas, especially Baviacora, Sonora. To prove manhood questioned by Indians, azxilgueta arms himself with arcobus, machete, Marches into village, calls everyone women, declares he will defend them from enemies. After winning Indians' admiration, describes their language, cleanliness, dress, agriculture in glowing terms. Notes presence irrigation. Claims land will produce wheat, wine. Mentions Franciscan, Agustinian competition, Franciscan desire to secure best missions to north and leave Jesuits with hunger, heat and thorns of Sinaloa. Describes distance between sea, Villa de San Juan (New Mexico) as 200 leagues, populated by infinite people, enemies of everyone. Notes presence leather jackets, which people say come from unknown land interior. Concludes there are cows (possibly buffalo) there. Conflict among religious orders. Geographical, ethnological notions. Missionary techniques. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

Section missiones de San Ignacio en Mayo; Yaqui; Nevomes, Chinipas, y Cicibotaris (pp. 815-23). States most Indian nations experienced good harvests, health, allowing missionaries to extend conversions. Notes rapid adoption rosary, holy week ceremonies among Mayos, Yaquis. Recounts certain miraculous cures. States rebellious Nebomes now almost all reduced and at peace. When Spanish military force entered Nebome territory, surrounding Indian groups made peace as well. Notes successful conversion Chinipas, Sisibotaris (named after great chief who came to San Felipe de Sinaloa to seek baptism, priests for people). Fr. Mendez, converter of Nios, Ocoronis, Jeuecos, Mayos, Yaquis, sent to Sisibotaris, welcomed with ceromonies, etc. Very few hechiceros, no lewd night dances among Sisibotaris. Fertile fields of maiz, other vegetables irrigated from River with notable workmanship. Describes clothing men, women (cotton, deerskin, pita), virtue/modesty ladies, house styles/material. Paean to Sisibotari industry, modesty, lack of superstition. Sisibotari range given as 3 pueblos, 2 valleys. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

12 priests misiones de San Ignacio. Discusses reduction Nebomes-their previous hostility, difficulty conquering them in mountain strongholds; execution, exile rebellious leaders. Notes presence Nebome village outside Villa de Sinaloa, similarity language to Tepehuan. Mentions Llayemas (Guaymas?), people of ocean, islands with difficult language, some of whom given town, land along Rio Yaqui, ministered to by fr. Mendez (probably Seris). Notes desire Aibinos, Matapas, Toapas, Batucas, Sisivotaris for missionaries, help given to Spaniards during Nebome disturbances. Notes conversion, peaceful existence Chinipas. Describes festival holy Sacrament held along Rio Mayo, attended by Spaniards, many Indians from all the rivers. Notes Indians observance holy week. Describes mass held on beach for 400 Indian fishermen, reasons why large number other Indians were not allowed to fish-some were gravediggers; others' wives had died; others' wives were menstruating. Indians stated that if those prohibited to fish entered Canals, traps (Carrizos), no fish would be caught. Priest denounced prohibitions as devilish, all joined, fishing great success. Fishing techniques included Canals, Carrizo traps, arrows, lances. Fish salted. States province has enjoyed years of prosperity, plenty of food, that people learning to plant wheat, don't have to forage in mountains anymore. Notes number baptisms, marriages. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

Account various Cases witchcraft, including one where devil appeared to Indian cowboy as Mulatto. Mentions Hurdaide's successful efforts to reduce Indians in mountains, including some Chinipas, Guacapares, Taraumaros (Tarahumaras), who are now friends of Spaniards after Hurdaide foiled attempt by some Coes to enlist mountain Indians (Cimarrones) in attempt to murder frs. Castini and Pasqual. Also notes great hunger in province, abandonment entire towns because Indians left to forage for wild foods. Chinipas, Guacapares probably warihio groups. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

Missionary struggles to abolish polygamy, drunkenness among Indians. Eulogy Perez, one of earliest missionaries. Mentions hunger driving Indians into mountains to search for herbs, roots. Notes Indian deaths from various diseases. Notes Jesuit attempts to preach in native languages, Indian acceptance Christian doctrine, practices. Account Hurdaide hurdaide campaign against rebellious Zoes along Rio Cinaloa. Notes success mission San Ignacio, which comprehends Rios Yaqui, Mayo, Nebome. States smallpox worst, most prevalent disease. Notes death Hurdaide. Describes fiesta honoring priests in Chinapa, with bowers, music, maiz, Pinole. Notes fertility Chinapa Valley, large harvests. Notes missionary work among varohios (Warihios) and related groups-tepozes, Guazapares, Haporas, Bayezitos, Cazosopas, Tzayeus. Mentions troubles fr. Olinano, missionary to Nebomes, encountered with various mountain Indians who used poison arrows. Mention Coupas, Hoisuaues (guasaves?), Ashaques. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

Discusses various Sinaloa Indian campaigns. Mentions uprising led by Simon Muni Cacique Sinaloas, who tried to ally himself with Yaquis. Muni captured, sentenced to death. Yaquis pardoned after Hurdaide punished rebels, rewarded faithful ones. Yaquis population described as 3 times larger than Mayo. Notes Yaqui desire for churches, priests. States Yaqui caciques say tribe won't be content, peaceful until missionization occurs. Mentions Nebome desire for missionization as well. Describes Nebomes as less restless and warlike than the Yaquis, industrious agriculturalists who speak tepehuan language. Notes migration 300 Nebomes a few years earlier, 160 more February, 1616, to Bamoa, Nebome settlement outside San Felipe created when group Nebomes accompanied Cabeza de Vaca to Sinaloa 1530s. States not enough land along Rio Petatlan to accomodate all who desired to come, therefore necessary to send missionaries to Nebome villages. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

History exploration, conquest, missionization Sinaloa from Cabeza de Vaca to fr. Gonzalo de Tapia, C. 1592. Description Coronado expedition, foundation 1 destruction Puebla de los Corazones because of Diego de Alcaraz' mistreatment Indians. Description Francisco de Ibarra expedition, foundation Villa de Carapoa on Rio Fuerte, captain Boorques' encounter with Yaquis, journey to ruins Corazones, Valle de Senora, Guazaguaripa. Yaquis described as brave, populous, bellicose. Most text concerns Sinaloa proper. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

Letter and documents pertaining to entrance of Jesuits into Tarahumara country; 1) letter to padre Andres de Cobian, Huexotitlan, January 14, 1673, informs request of Tarahumares for Jesuit missionaries. 2) letter informs request of Tarahumaras for conversion and requests missionaries and limosna be assigned. Parral, April 6, 1676, no author. 3) report, Parral, July 28, 1701, report of captains of new Viscaya in favor of missionary priests. 4) order for the entrance into Tarahumara, 1640. 5) license of bishop to administer the Spanish camp. Parral, October 10, 1641, by Obispo Diego Evia y Valdes. (J. Erbe) (1978)