Concerns Indians moving to Nuevo Leon after terrorizing Laredo and Rio Salado. Indians arrive well-equipped with guns, spears and arrows on foot and horseback. says Indians take captives and murder innocents after destroying ranches. Mentions cruel treatment of victims before mass murders begin. Indians steal horses, mules and all personal property from ranches. When ranches later deserted, diminished labor forces mines out of operation. Vaamonde has given permission for civilians to defend themselves, but these troops have no horses, arms or munitions. Also, while these family men are on patrol they can't support their families. says 100 murders in area. Vaamonde sends arrows collected from dead as proof for virrey. Also, sends set of documents and comprobantes from area residents. Letters relate incidents and describe raids in detail. Letters request military assistance. Vaamonde says these incidents are proof that Ugalde must return two troops taken earlier to another province. To ensure proper punishment of these Indians, cooperation with troops in Nuevo Santander and Coahuila is also needed. Virrey, having received comprobantes orders troops back to Leon. Advises Vaamonde to meet with troops in Lampazos to review and ensure they are properly equipped. Orders Vaamonde to provide reports on conditions and operations. Vaamonde mentions with letters from Baez that troops still insufficient and Indians in area have doubled. Virrey says he must work with companies from other areas. (M. Dannemiller, November 1988)

Letters concern Sierra Gorda's objection to virrey's and Munoz' interpretation of Galvez' instructions for granting peace to Indian nations. Relates Sierra Gorda's March to Croix with civilian soldiers in search of Lipanes. Relates number of troops, their destinations and complete list of uniforms, munitions, armaments, horses and military equipment. Records number of items taken and count of how many returned. Lists include names of soldiers as well. says when troops caught up with Indians, some fled and others presented themselves with Lipan capitan Daga to request peace agreement. Sierra Gorda hoped for opportunity to punish same Indians for certain includes lists of murders, captives, and animals and personal property stolen from Revilla, Mier, San Augustin. In letter to Munoz, Gorda points out increased damages caused by Indian raids. Presumably due to incident in Croix, Gorda says by granting peace, Spanish are protecting Indian criminals. says Galvez' law must be considered independently for each case. Peace should be granted in this case only on the condition that all horses, captives and property are returned. Munoz responds saying that Daga justified his plea saying recent hostilities due to peace broken by Spanish and hostilities against Lipanes at Rio Norte. Munoz only agreed to discuss peace if six other capitans mentioned by Daga presented themselves. Virrey supports Munoz since current policy from comandancia general says all efforts toward reductions should be made. Approved use of Indian and civilian soldiers and says Gorda should have continued expedition. (M. Dannemiller November 1988)

1786 letters concerning necessary military response to recent Indian hostilities. Sierra Gorda says he intends to punish Indians responsible for depredations. says Indians under pretense of peace continue to rob, murder and terrorize. Relates incident in which five shepherds murdered. Concerns deployment of troops to search out enemy. After long campaign hindered by rain, caught up with Apaches in Croix. Virrey responds telling Sierra Gorda to watch carefully for abuses of good faith and to use military to assure compliance with peace conditions. says they must attempt to reduce Camoteros and Tanambres. Sierra Gorda says ranches in Laredo and Revilla completely destroyed and such incidents sure to continue if precautions not taken. Suggests method to make campaigns and punishment more successful. says military organization is inefficient and suggests separation of comandancia general. Informs virrey of plans to take troops to Laredo. Virrey says he's unable to send inspector and requests relacion regarding condition of troops, uniforms, munitions, armaments and horses. Will send Gutierrez to inspect soon. Virrey disagrees with Gorda's suggestions saying the system works and reminds him to obey Ugarte's orders. Gorda informs virrey that several Indians killed in incident in Croix. As a result, Mariguanes request to stay peacefully in Llera mission. says mission in Liebana would accomodate Indians from Croix as proposed by Bucareli. Provides description of daily life in mission. Mentions grain and weekly meat rations. says these provisions not sufficient so better for those Indians to live in liberty. Virrey reminds Gorda of Galvez' instructions of 1786 and 1772 to guide his activities. says by law, funds must be obtained to maintain any group requesting peaceful hospice in mission. Gorda says difficult to follow instructions regarding proper treatment due to increased hostilities. (M. Dannemiller November 1988)

Letters between Munoz, Lacomva and others about Indian uprising and crimes (murder, theft). Galvan arrested for removing munitions from storage despite warnings of Indians approaching. Letters concerning his actions. Depositions concern incident. (S. Langmack, September 1989)

Murgier requests permission to return to Europe because of Father's death; he is only son, sole inheritor of estate. explains in request that he participated in successful pacification of Mescaleros in Nuevo Santander. Wishes to join dragones or cavalry in Spain; provides service record. Murgier becomes ill, suffers from chest pains, requests permission to go to Mexico City to seek help. Receives permission to travel to Spain, but in mean time has killed 5 peaceful Indians in 'sangre Fria'; 'licencia' suspended until matter straightened out. (L. Kerr, August 1989)

Includes 6 brief, unrelated expedientes, numeros 7-12. In 7, Lasaga informs virrey that certain residents of San Carlos should be exempt from taxation because they have no permanent home or work, but mine whenever possible, and serve whenever called to arms. In 8, Lasaga says it came to his attention that large group of Indians (unnamed) are held prisoner in Aguayo, but soldiers no longer able to contain escapes; guidance from virrey requested. In 9, Lasso informs of shortage of servants in Veracruz, requests that 6 Mecos return with him to work in that capacity; will educate and care for them. In 10, Indians (unnamed) journey to San Carlos to request financial help; each granted 1 'real' daily. In 11, Lasaga solicits advice from virrey regarding Aracates, previously guilty of murder and theft, but now want to establish peaceful relations. In 12, 2 Pacitas kill Young Boy, wound another; Comecamotes trick soldiers into truce, then kill several, steal cattle, kill pastor with own knife; soldiers' actions found 'imprudente.' (L. Kerr, June 1989)

Documents concern murder of Casimiro de Ibarra by his Brother Juan. Both had been drinking pulque and a fight ensued. And Casimiro is killed by his Brother. Rest of documents interview witnesses about what happened. Casimiro's widow and Father are interviewed and Owner of shack where they had been eating tamales and drinking pulque. Father's biography given. His military record and his long service in pacification of the new colony. Other witnesses are friends of the Ibarra family who also tell of the family background. Defendant's confession is taken. His goods confiscated. Many documents dont concern the case , but rather slow process of the proceedings. Witnesses are found after too long a period of time. They are questioned improperly and procedure is said to have been ignored in the judicial process of this murder case. After these documents, case is resumed and Juan de Ibarra is finally sentenced to eight years in the fronteirs of Veracruz. Virrey changes sentence due to defendant's long detainment due to the slowness of trial. Sentence is four years of presidio in work of fortifying the Plaza of la Habana. Transfer of prisoner is described. He is deemed exiled from Palmillas and all territory of the colony for life. (P. Lenz, September 1989)

Letter from Survier to viceroy Revilla Gigedo indicting most of his acquaintances in government of Nuevo Santander for their indolence, sophism, hypocrisy, tyrrany, greed, lack of integrity, and general stupidity. Written with caustic wit, considerable intelligence, literary style, and flawless handwriting. Footnoted digressions make up one-third of document. Mentions Antonio Fabian de Puga's murder of five non-hostile Indians (discussed in ff. 0107-0115, exp. 23 of this volume). (A. Dean, February 1989)

Brief summarys of Cases against several soldiers arrested for murders of civilians. (A. Dean, January 1989)

Documents conderning the arrests of Puga and Murgier for the murders of five non-hostile Indians, and the appointment of public defenders to their case. See also ff. 0167-0185 exp. 34 of this volume for further mention of these events. (A. Dean, January 1989)