Summary of testimonies about Escandon's record in completing orders to pacify and reduce Indians and settle Nuevo Santander by officers and settlers and their charges against him. Funds spent, mistreatment of Indians, assassination of 5 capitans, use of Indians to work Escandon's land, build his Palace, and increase his wealth. Real cedula ordering pacification of Nuevo Santander delayed in its completion. Activities of Escandon include use of military funds, Indians reduction, founding of 14 settlements with population count of number and families and troops in each (f.8); plus 6 more settlements founded which were not in original budget of 115,000p. Complaint of not achieving increased agricultural production in spite of having fertile land, water; availability of minerals and salt. History of Escandon's earlier military record, reopening of missions. Problems resulting from drought. Espenses of military salaries and sinodos to missionaries. Annual costs in pacification process. Cost of settling 15 families from canary islands in Texas (ff.17). Organization of troops and distribution among settlements; distribution of lands. Difficulty of defending property under Indian hostilities. Complaint that Escandon's soldiers instead of gathering Indians together killed them inhumanely when they asked for peace. Murder by capitan trasieria and soldiers of slave and silversmith not punished or investigated by Escandon; Escandon named capitans and paid them salaries of 500p. (ff.33). Alvares' attempts at populating Rio Verde, movement of people, costs, problems with hostile Indians, mosquito plague (ff.56) order not to let Laredo capitan admit Apaches even though they offered peace (ff.57). Escandon prohibited commerce; payed soldiers in goods. Mining of silver without paying royal fifth (ff.63). Escandon has made few or no reducciones since 1746. List of 9 places on coast where Escandon says he has reduced total of 1,258 Indians and gives names of ethnic groups and number baptised in each location (ff.64). Service record of Escandon since he began service in Yucatan, distinguished service in Sierra Gorda as sargento mayor, teniente until 1746 (ff.68). Provides total inventory of livestock in 20 settlements. Movement of Escandon (Villa), Reynosa, and Burgos settlers to new Parajes (nuezes, Tetillas, Encinos). Molina reinstated as capitan; Barbara Resendi's complaints against Escandon (ff.83)(ff125). Charges against fray Garcia as being hipocrite receiving double salary (ff.91) description of reason for failure of mission for Cocos in San Saba due to murder of missionaries (ff.112). Apaches do not want to be reduced, only want peace and commerce with Spanish (ff.113). Even when they offer peace, Escandon gives them motives to be insolent. Murder at Rancheria of smallpox infected and other Indians by capitan went unpunished (ff.120). Massacre of Janambres on road to Horcasitas (ff 121). Paz not punished for murder of Indians (ff.122). Guevarra's murder of reduced Indians of mission of Santander unpunished. Cordova's mistreatment of Indians in Rio Frio (ff.124). Use of Indians Sihui, janambre as work force, Indian death due to hard labor (ff.125). Attempt to reduce Pames threatening to drive them to the coast. Indians paid 4p month plus rations for corn growing and also grew their own crops (ff.131). Escandon allowed people exemption from debts in order to populate settlements. Escandon's appointing as capitans convicted murder. Escandon refused to release Sanches Borriego who was involved in riot of Coahuila to Serma. Two destructions of Pizones' church in Santa Rossa and Taumave missions. Taking of Indian lands to give to Carmelita priests for 10 years. No payment of Diezmos for farmland; Diezmos payments of hollas, Mier, and Revilla. Escandon nor captain Vasques Borrego payed Diezmos for their large cattle haciendas. Gives cost of campaign against Indians of north and Apaches who attacked Taguacanas. Defense of Escandon's choice of capitans and families to populate settlement in that it is difficult to find cultivated people like those from the capital--they must come from the provinces. Description of Tanambre November 1754 destruction of mission Ruvoroso near Escandon; only 4 escaped including missionary. Complaint of Tanambres robbing, Murdering. Escandon captured tamambre rebles and sent them to Querataro prison. Tamambres and Tonases sent to Querataro as labors, servants and for convents. Marcos Molino's case in which he worked for Hidalgo for 15 years without payment. (ff.163) use of hard labor as punishment as well as death sentence. (L. L. Woodward, November 1988)

Notes concerning real hacienda administration expenses. Letters requesting reimbursement frontier war expenses. Letter from Arizcorreta confirming payment of deceased Father's taxes. (K. Mccaston, oct, 1989)

Very important document on instructions and rules for founding new missions, presidios and towns. Neve expresses need for equalization of salaries for same rank/position among military, religious and civil personnel. Document divided into titulos, transportation, accountability, rations; crops; horses, mules; craftsmen. II. - lists of officers at each mission, presidio; description of terrain, Indian settlements for planning defensive positions; military escorts to establishments at Santa Barbara channel; salaries of officers/soldiers at four sailers and craftsmen on blandra Pilar, lanchas Lauretana and San Juan hepomuceno. III. - clothing; canons. IV. - armour distribution, types, purposes and accountability of funds; procedures for filling vacancies; evaluations by service reports. Ix. - requires monthly status report of each company. X. - Indian treaties. Xi. -gubernatorial functions regarding (ff. 386-390). - details on selection/training of habilitados (paymasters); accountability to real hacienda, Naval/military superiors and settlers; F. 390 consists of inventory and production data of small animals, cattle, horses, mules. Xiv. Settlement and use of land; supplies; irrigation and crops; house construction; cattle; taxes; regulations re. Establishment and defense in Canal; optimum placement for defense and religious organization along frontier and Camino real. (J. M. Johnson, February 1989)

Neve's correspondence includes (most important documents, service records and promotions, rebuilding mission at San Diego and constructing Capistrano. Details geography of area around San Francisco and Santa Clara mission, especially natural resources. Lists of numbers of officers and craftsmen at four Principal California presidios, supply escorts, real reglamentos pertaining to details of presidio construction and tackle for cavalry companies. Ff. 354-356 is list of salaries and numbers of officers, craftsmen, and rations for presidios crews and ships, including Actual costs vs. Those alloted by missionaries, income from tobacco and other crops, purchase and distribution of mules, horses, and supplies, shipping, tackle for soldiers and settlers. Ff. 359-360 estimates of rations per single man and families, after spoilage in salaries by rank for officers, craftsmen and Naval personnel. Ff. 368-369 allotments of supply rations and money for presidios in Santa Barbara channel. (J. M. Johnson, February 1989)

Details of Principal concerns and needs for California establishments. Detailed information on climate, agricultural conditions, pasturing livestock, geographical measurements and features of terrain, arable lands, irrigation, social and safety measures for settlers/recruits, food and other supplies for population, horses and mules. Other documents list family relationships and Vital statistics of colonists requesting land tenure rights, lists of types and numbers of cargo animals for missions, planned distribution of & place purchased of these & smaller domestic food/clothing animals. Description of geography, Flora and potential for irrigation of rivers in region. Founding and contruction of presidio San Joseph (Guadalupe). (J. M. Johnson, January 1989)

19 P. Numbered indices of correspondence from Gonzalez de Santianes to Galbez for period January-October 1786 some with orders concerning establishment of compania de comercio de las Filipinas y Asia; Bula de la Santa Cruz and priest's solicitation of funds; extension of repatriation of old coinage for one year; institution of semi-annual provincial harvest reports (continuing drought has reduced crop yields and heavy losses of horses and cattle); causes of problems in collection of Diezmos; immunity from arrest for agents of real hacienda; routing of shipments from Spain to Jalapa; opening interior rivers and lakes to commercial fishing; shipment of private assets on the warship San Felipe; bounty paid to persons capturing deserters; celebration of wedding of Senores Infantes of Spain and Portugal; sealed paper shortage; marriage of Cueto to Quintana; Mendimieta appointed to sub inspector; no military or other employee of realm may Lower payments to family in Spain without royal dispensation; corn shipment to assist Mazapil; Indian desertions during calamities; soldiers petitions to virrey handled through Superior officers; abolition of practice of marking black slaves on back and face; suspension of the manda forzosa for beatification of Gregorio Lopez; taxation of pulperias; Sonora la Gracia granted right to sign with stamp; Ugalde appointed sub inspector of troops; arrest order for Andres de Pedro. (J. Higgins feb, 1989)

Letters concerning: funding and supply of provinces new companies, Cueto's inspection, Nete's and Crespo's report on provincial defenses against Indian depredations. Takes exception to Crespo's suggestions-understanding of troop placement, defensive military tactics, role of new companies. Details own general plan for provincial defense. Letters personnel wishing to marry; promotions to alferez, compania de militias under Crespo's command; Bustamante to appear before obispo to answer charges and make restitution; administration of diezmos; establishment of the real academia of San Carlos de Nueba Espana (painting, sculpture, architecture). (J. Higgins, February 1989)

A Series of indexes of letters with short descriptions of the contents and occasionally a complete letter included such as number 15 which relates how Gracia and others did not fulfill their obligations to protect effectively against Indians, index of letters 71-73, 71 concerns the seizure of Nata's goods, 72 concerns power given to virreys and gobernadores to allow conscripts and others the permision to travel to Spain, 73 concern the application for promotion of Ramon and hiring of Castaneda; index of letters 68-69, 68 concerns reports filed by Giral and his expeditious processing of these matters, 69 concerns money spent by Dufay in combating Indians at mision of San Christobal; index of letters 65-67, 65 concerns the account of Dufay, 66 concerns the correspondence sent to intendiente de Potosi, 67 concerns a royal decree and its circulation; index of letters 60-63, 60 concerns a report on Indians of San Esptoval, 61 concerns the work of Dufay in capturing Indians, 62 concerns criminal Cases of Indians and 63 concerns Garcia. (O. Velez, November 1988)

Repetitive Series of letters from gobernadores of Nuevo Santander concerning routine administrative and military affairs. Includes documents concerning naming of Gonzalez Santianes to replace Ruvio as gobernador of Nuevo Santander. Should be given fabrica de iglesias and enforcement of payment of Diezmos, greater efforts towards converting Indians, need to treat Indians kindly and only punish in fair proportion to crimes committed. Includes repetitous Series of reports of horse theft by Indians against towns in Sierra Tamaulipas. Also includes tables of troop strength and troop salaries for various guarniciones in Sierra Tamaulipas. (A. Tukey, July 1989)

Letters concerning tithes payments in Nueva Mexico. Letters by Landa testify to the authenticity of legal documents, and payment receipts, of marques de Villa puente and Marquesa de las Torres in favour of Lorena de Errada.(R. Gomez, October 1988)