Review of colonization, missionization of Provincia de Texas from time of Alonso de Leon to 1716. Texas, Caodaches Indians described as mas politica in province, sowing many crops. Population of area estimated to be un million. Indian groups between Coahuila and the land of Texas Indians listed (See 201). Texas Indians belief in afterlife briefly described. Missionaries claimes that early soldiers set bad example for Texas Indians, mistreating them and stealing their women. Franciscan missionary efforts delineated. Texas disatisfaction with Spaniards, abandonment of missions in 1693 noted. French trade with Indians mentioned. Texas Indians had 11 pueblos, chocta (choctaw) Indians outside of Movila had 32, Nache Indians had 11. Flora, fauna, agriculture of eastern Texas described, where Indians caultibando la tierra con las quixadas de los benados. Indians live in wooden houses, sleep on raised beds and farm en Comun. Indian enemies of Texas- Apaches, Yojuanes, Cubipanes, Canas- noted. Absence of pulgue, otras bebidas, but presnece of Peyote among Texas Indians mentioned. Province continually described as very fertile. Indian use of wild fruits, walnuts, acorns noted. Lead mines near Texas Indians mentioned. Force of 60 soldiers needed for conquest, colonization of Texas, to be gathered from other presidios of Nueva Vizcaya. Apparently, fiscal doesn't think much of idea. Excellent summary of early Texas history, including Leon, Ramon entradas. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Brief account of Indians of provincia of Texas, of whom the Spanish have encountered 50 naciones, noting- their dress; receptiveness to Spanish language/religion; presence of valuable minerals among them; absence of ydolatria formal although hechiceros, curanderos present; hunting activities especially buffalo; production of tanned deer hides which they trade to Spaniards; absence of drunkenness among them, which Olivares notes may be due to fact that no hay Magueyes en abundancia, o porque ygnoran el modo de cultivarlos (pg.119); dances to celebrate ware victories, which often cause trouble among them; ceremonial use of Peyote que usan Por bebida del Peiotte y de otras yerbas que suelen causas turbacion en los sentidos de que procede el vervisiones, y fantasmas (pg. 119). (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Franciscans request at least 10 soldiers be sent to Bahia del Espiritu Santo, noting that Indians in area enemies of Europeans, and had killed French, English, Spanish and Dutch without ever being punished (7/19/1691). Military officials discuss whether expedition should press on to territory of Texas Indians or remain at Bahia (7/21/1691). Franciscan diario of trip from San Salvador mission in Coahuila to mission San Francisco de los Texas (5/16-8/20, 1691), noting- encounter with Indian groups- Mescales, Yoricas, Chomes, Machomes, Parachacas, Pamanes- living between Rio Grande, Rio Sabinos, all of who rely on buffalo, wild food gathering, none of whom hunt; difficulties traveling with livestock- cattle, goats, sheep- because of rivers in flood, poor pasturage, etc; Flora, fauna, geography, often giving Indian names for places; resources of Rio Nueces area, including many walnuts, buffalo, fish; arrival Indians, many different naciones to trade for tobacco, knives, rosaries, etc. (See 201); visit to Rancheria of payay Indians, nacion Muy grande, choma, Cibola, caynaaya Indians live along Rio Grande and are enemies of Apaches, who fight everyone except Salineros, Apaches described mui-Guerreros who fight with armed horses; chomas described as yndios que en el parraly y Nueva Mexico llaman jumanes, who hunt buffalo from source of Rio Guadalupe to land of Texas during warm time of year, returning to riverine homes during winter; arrival of ships from Veracruz at Espiritu Santo; friendly greeting by Texas Indians, who mourned death of one missionary, many others from unnamed enfermedad. Excellent information on Indians of southern, central, eastern Texas. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Diary of Leon's expedition to Bahia del Espiritu Santo from Coahuila. Accompanied by French prisoner with many contacts among Indians, Spaniards- encounter gathering of Indians of 5 naciones - Hapes, Jumenes, xiabu, Mescales, y otra- living in casilla cuvierta de Cueros de cibola- who hang heads of enemies from poles in front of their dwellings; note petroglyphs; journey thru great stretches of Mesquite, Nopales so thick at times they have to dismount; describe Flora, fauna, especially trees, commenting on great numbers, good quality of native walnuts, and buffalo; hear of 4 French traders operating among Indians, trading knives, tobacco for buffalo hides which they transported on dogs; lose over 100 horses in stampede, of which all but 36 recovered; reach French settlement and find it destroyed by Indians- books, bones, broken arcabuces scattered thru wreckage, explore Rio San Marcos; told by Indians that French community at Espiritu Santo suffered epidemic of smallpox (viruelas) which killed more than 100, then were tricked by Indians who came from far away under pretext of desire to trade and killed French in their homes; encounter Texas Indians, some of whom accompany Spaniards back to Coahuila presidio. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Larios petitions for rations for remaining 5 Guachichile Indians. Rest of group died in smallpox epidemic. Authorities point out shortages of food supplies. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

General account of Neve's wealth compiled by Corbalan including liquid assets, salaries, and account of Neve's expenses owned to various individuals; salary of Neve with deductions for Monte Pio, Invalidos, Media anata, and conduccion a Espana. Account of transport costs for goods bought from Neve's estate (receipt of muleteer). Account of Neve's expenses, costs of food items and household goods bought and services provided (carpentry, transportation, laundry); Series of receipts of money paid out by Neve's executors and funds deposited in Rosario treasury. Neve's widow prohibited from receiving the sum of inheritance Neve indicated in his will. List of gun powder and household goods for sale left at Neve's hacienda by Croix. Dongo and Corbalan correspond regarding freeing Neve's funds to pay Neve's debts, including debt to late doctor sales. Medina's letter introduces inventories and auction sales of Neve's belongings. Autos by Galindo Navarro regarding Neve's executors and funds they administered. Corbalan relates to virrey that he has paid the heirs of Neve's doctor and describes transactions of Neve's wealth liquidated through auction; virrey(?) Acknowledges receipt of letter. Galindo Navarro in auto describes death of Neve and his duties to make an inventory of Neve's belongings, put his papers in order, identify corpse, and gather keys. Copy of Neve's will (ff. 145-159). Autos and diligencias referring to choice of executors of Neve's will, Neve's keys, and papers, requests in will concerning belongings, making inventories, choice of accountants and expert assessors of Neve's belongings, as well as description of religious sacraments given to his corpse. Administrative proceedures for assembling paperwork concerning Neve's will. Inventory and value of Neve's gold and silver belongings. Inventory of clothing and value accessed, description of cloth and colors used, and origin of many items. Inventories of linen, food, weapons, misc. Belongings, livestock, documents (bills of purchase, debts, letters, orders). (L. L. Woodward, July 1989)

Documents relating to events in transporting families from canary islands to settle in Texas, lists of materials in clothing and all kinds of tools needed. Lists of supplies of foods, salary to be paid to guide, increase of daily maintenance for every person, census of families with physical description of every individual in expedition, proposals by church to marry every girl from 12 to 18 years of age and every Boy from 24 to 12 years of age. Appointment of priest to cure families, itinerary of trip. Also, lists of expenses incurred in transportation from Veracruz to San Antonio. Maps with planned areas in which such families could settle near San Antonio without conflicting with other settlers in area drawn by marquez de Aguayo in ff. 187. A plan to scale and drawing of proposed Villa to be established in ff. 201 and orderly issuing of lands to be given to families for planting. (A. Dell'acqua, January 1988)

Accounts of Amoles hacienda with total money spent, received, and individual amounts for debts, corn sales, sheep, cattle, mules, burros, oxen, wool, seed, caballada Mansa y Serrera, signed by Guevara on December 31, 1803. Accounts of 111 servants, Pastores listing name, salary, debts of each (covers 1799-1803). Reports concerning goods, animals of hacienda. (D. Bautista, December 1989)

Mendinueta reports Cumanche hostilities and suggests reinforcement of frontier to increase number of captures in order to induce peace. Croix approves proposal to reinforce frontier. Detailed report of 1768 campaign in Vicinity of Rio Napeste. (S. Gibbs, July 1987)